Part-time and mature students: three ways we could support them better

Tricia KingThis post was written by Tricia King, Pro-Vice-Master for student experience and director of external relations at Birkbeck – follow her on Twitter @TriciaKing1. The article was originally published on the Guardian’s Higher Education Network.

Wednesday is an important day in my world, as Universities UK (UUK) publishes its report, The power of part-time, in response to a commission from the business secretary, Vince Cable. My hope is that I can look back on 16 October 2013 as a tipping point in the fortunes of part-time higher education. My fear is that it will mark an important missed opportunity.

First things first – it’s a great report. It emphasises how part-time study is a “powerhouse for skills” and calls for “immediate action” to improve and better understand provision for part-time students. It makes a powerful case and clearly advocates the benefits part-time higher education creates for the economy, employers, society, social mobility and the individual student.

UUK describes the 40% national downturn in part-time recruitment that was clearly the biggest consequence of the government’s 2012 changes. I do wonder what the political consequences of a 40% downturn in 18-year-olds going to university in 2012 would have been. Somehow adult learners missing out on life changing opportunities is not a vote winner. There is lots of genuine concern but so far little action. So all power to UUK and recent president Eric Thomas for bringing this important issue briefly to the top of the agenda.

I have worked at Birkbeck for more than eight years and in that time, I’ve become known as ‘that woman who goes on about part-time students’. I’m familiar with stifled yawns, glazed eyes and comments from sector colleagues about getting a proper job. But I am obsessed with this important cause because on a daily basis I hear stories of transformation. Our students are remarkable adults who juggle work and family with study. They struggle and sacrifice to improve their opportunities in life. I am unashamed to champion their cause.

Right now we have a real opportunity to make a difference and I feel remarkably optimistic because so many good people and national agencies are currently paying serious attention. Part-time higher education is attracting more and more interest from employers, policy-makers, politicians, and the media. The Part-time Matters campaign was launched in May by a cross-sector group of organisations, including Birkbeck, to promote part-time study.

An early day motion recognising the “vital role of adult learning” and its transformative effect on issues including social mobility proved popular in the House of Commons in May, and the House of Lords also held a debate. The CBI backed more learn-while-you-earn schemes and stronger relationships between universities and businesses in its blueprint for higher skills, called Tomorrow’s growth: new routes to higher skills, published in July.

The Office for Fair Access has made part-time higher education a focus for future work. UCAS’s updated website includes signposts to part-time provision. HEPI, IPPR and the Higher Education Academy have all published important part-time insights in the past six months. And this week, the Department for Business, Innovation and Skills is running a national campaign, Make your future happen, which includes a particular focus on part-time opportunities and the benefits that they offer students.

Things are changing. So far, so brilliant. But what needs to happen now? Firstly, I believe we urgently need a cross-sector part-time task force to keep momentum moving and ensure a cost-effective and irresistible joining up of this wave of activity. That group can gather shared compelling evidence to secure government policy change to support the future of part-time higher education.

Secondly, the ELQ loan barrier needs to go. The policy that removed funding for students studying for an ‘equivalent or lower qualification’ means adult learners cannot get a government loan to upskill or reskill and simply cannot afford the new high fees without the loan. More ELQ students need access to loans. At the recent Conservative party conference, David Willetts made a welcome start when he said about ELQ: “one could dream of a world where we just get rid of it”. Willetts should be encouraged to dream. He fought the policy in opposition; I hope he finds ways to remove it in government.

Thirdly, I’d like to see the return of the part-time premium. A report commissioned by the Higher Education Funding Council for England (Hefce) suggested that part-time students cost 15-44% more to recruit, retain and support than full-time students. The part-time premium that was introduced to tackle this issue was removed this spring just as the national 40% downturn was reported.

We know government hoped that the introduction of loans for part-time learners in 2012 would support both students and the institutions who teach them. In the short term at least, this is not the case. Adult learners are much less likely to take out loans, it seems. Please give back the part-time premium, at least until the current recruitment crisis stabilises.

Part-time higher education is undeniably complex. National data is underexplored and poorly understood. Easy solutions are genuinely elusive but that’s not a reason to give up and file the problem in the tray marked ‘too difficult’. Those hard working students need us all to focus and make sure today becomes a red letter day and tipping point, not a missed opportunity.

Share
. 1 comment . Category: Higher education . Tags: , , , , ,

Inside the Clearing room

This post was contributed by Jonah Duffin, Birkbeck’s Head of Recruitment and Marketing.

Last Thursday at 8:45am, I was in the Clearing room at Birkbeck with admissions staff from across Birkbeck’s five academic schools, preparing for what we knew would be our busiest Clearing period yet. It is one of my favourite times of the year; a concentrated microcosm of all of the reasons I continue to enjoy and feel passionate about working in higher education and especially at Birkbeck.

It is a unique time when the usually ponderous UCAS admissions process, that for the rest of the year can last weeks and months, is sped up to minutes and hours. To think that back in October, or even June last year, students were spending a huge amount of time discussing course options, attending open days up and down the country, canvassing friends and family for views and opinions and writing and rewriting their personal statements before carefully choosing five options and then, in the early spring, whittling it down to just two choices. Now, choices that can affect the rest of a person’s life are being made in the time it takes to make a phone call. With one study by the Student Room stating that one in five people meet the future love of their life on campus and many students staying on to live in the city in which they study, I don’t think that I am over stating the impact that phone call can have. It can be truly life changing.

Birkbeck prides itself on changing peoples’ lives. It’s not a slogan thought up whilst sitting on a bean bag in an exposed-brick studio in Shoreditch; it is what we hear time and time again from our students. Whether it is from people who previously thought university wasn’t for them and discovered Birkbeck later in life or younger, more traditional students who are increasingly realising the value that they can add to their degree by gaining professional experience during the day and building a career simultaneously with their degree, rather than leaving it until after they’ve finished studying. Added to this is the attractive proposition of graduating with a substantially smaller debt than students who take classes during the day and can only work limited hours at weekends or during holidays. Mature students appreciate the opportunity to attend a prestigious institution and gain a University of London degree without having to give up work or other daytime commitments. They all find that Birkbeck is a unique place that somehow manages to find a way of combining being a world-class research institution with the ability to allow people from all backgrounds to thrive and succeed.

The nice thing about Clearing at Birkbeck is that when you pick up the phone you never know who will be on the other end. It might be an 18 year old student who has just received A-level results, or it could be a 40 year old who has decided to take a degree at the same time as their  children head off to other universities, or a 30 year old who feels that getting a degree would give their career a boost.

I am sure that this is the reason that the atmosphere in the Clearing room at Birkbeck can be charged with a mixture of anticipation and nervous tension as the clock ticks down to 9am on that first Thursday of clearing and the phones begin to ring. As soon as the calls begin to come through and as each person gets that first call out of their system the nervous energy is replaced with a noisy industrious hum that continues throughout the day. And this year, as expected, once the lines were open the phones began ringing off the hook. By the end of the first day we had already made a third more offers than last year.

As always we received a real mixture of people calling. Sometimes they will have just missed out on the grades they needed for their first choice of university and when they pause to re-evaluate their options decide that Birkbeck’s evening teaching and the opportunity to work during the day is an attractive option. Others had done better than expected in their exams and decided that they wanted to trade-up to a Birkbeck course. The media has recently reported that at A-level students are increasingly opting for ‘hard’ subjects including science and maths and, in line with this, we have seen large numbers of very high-standard applications for our science programmes – particularly the BSc Biomedicine and the BSc Psychology.

Another reason I enjoy Clearing is that it tends to be one of the only times in the year when you can engage with administrative and academic staff from across the institution. This is Birkbeck’s fourth year in Clearing, since we first offered three-year programmes in 2010. Since then we have increased the number of three-year programmes on offer from three to 39, in response to the demand that we have seen for them. The Clearing room is now actually two rooms and there are over 80 people involved throughout the process. People who throughout the rest of the year may only interact within their School or department, for one week each year, are thrown together into a quite pressurised environment. People who may only know each other via email are all of a sudden sitting next to each other and every year this creates a really nice working atmosphere.

Finally, there is one last reason that I enjoy this time of the year so much – statistics. My mental arithmetic is pretty rusty to say the least. I often have to google sites such as ‘percentage calculator’ to double check my calculations and it still surprises me that I somehow scraped a grade C in GCSE maths, but I genuinely have a passion for statistics and in Clearing the whole institution suddenly seems to share that passion with me. The reason for this brief fling with the world of numbers is not unique to Birkbeck and the reason is that universities have a specific number of full-time undergraduate students that they are permitted to recruit. Broadly speaking if an institution recruits under their permitted number they will be fined and will obviously lose out on some fee income. Go over the number and they will also be fined. In the last two years a further complexity has been added to the system and universities are now permitted to take as many students scoring ABB in their A levels as they wish (last year it was AAB). Ensuring that Birkbeck hits that number on the nose involves looking at historic conversion rates and applying them to this year’s statistics – simple? Well, yes and no. There are so many internal and external factors that can affect the number of people who call Birkbeck in Clearing, the number who are offered a place in Clearing and the number of students who actually arrive in late September and early October. This leads to the creation of multiple pivot tables, endless discussions and graphs that end with dotted lines. Whilst we can model and predict where we think we will end up we can never be quite sure of the end result. Trying to make those predictions is, for me, all part of the joy of Clearing at Birkbeck.

There is an open evening for students who want to find out more about the opportunities that studying at Birkbeck offers on 5 September, in Bloomsbury.

In the meantime, it looks like Birkbeck’s three-year programmes are going to continue growing in popularity, and we look forward to welcoming our new students this October – how many there will be we will wait to find out.

Share
. Reply . Category: Higher education . Tags:

University – business engagement – the key to tomorrow’s growth

This post was contributed by Rose Devaney, Business Engagement Manager at Birkbeck

Last week, the Confederation of British Industry (CBI) published a report called Tomorrow’s Growth: New routes to higher skills. It contains many interesting facts and recommendations, including that the government, business and the higher education (HE) sector should identify exemptions from the Equivalent or Lower Qualification (ELQ) policy which means that those studying for a second undergraduate degree cannot access government funding, and that they consider arrangements to mitigate the removal of the part-time premium which HE institutions previously received to cover the additional costs associated with recruiting and retaining part-time students.

The report also recommended that provisions were made to enable universities to respond to employers’ needs, and that universities work with businesses to build relationships in which businesses can influence curriculum development. For an institution which was established with the aim of making higher education available to working people and which has part-time and flexible learning at its heart, this report is of great relevance to Birkbeck.

What do individuals, businesses and UK plc want?

I’d like to think that George Birkbeck, the founder of our College, would have had some interesting conversations with Douglas McGregor and Charles Handy. McGregor’s most famous theory – the X and Y management style – suggested that people want to continue to learn, develop and fulfil their potential. Handy proposed the concept of the ‘portfolio career’ whereby workers typically have a cluster of different employers or types of contract and make career transitions over the course of their lifetime. Both of these theories encompass the idea of lifelong learning – maintaining your skills base, marketability and adaptability as employers draw from an increasingly age- and globally-diverse pool of labour.

So, if we buy into the argument that individuals want to continue to develop, what about employers? Research tells us that by 2020, there will be a 17% reduction in the need for administrative, secretarial and skilled trades. Conversely, a 48% rise in skills pertaining to management, professional and technical occupations is forecast. How will employers remain competitive and meet these skills needs if employees are not encouraged to train and develop and how will we continue to compete internationally if our workforce can’t compete with those from emerging economies?

As the CBI report states: “Skills have become the global currency of the 21st century. Without proper investment in skills, people languish on the margins of society.”

It isn’t all bad news. As a nation, we have one of the most successful HE systems in the world but we need to create stronger partnerships with businesses and more flexibility in our programmes.

So, how are we tackling this at Birkbeck?

We have a vocal role model in our President – Baroness Joan Bakewell, who is a champion for lifelong learning and understands that it “improves skills and kick starts new careers”. We are also putting in place operational initiatives to increase the partnership opportunities between Birkbeck and businesses.

Willie Walsh, CEO of IAG, at Birkbeck Business Week 2013

Willie Walsh, CEO of IAG, at Birkbeck Business Week 2013

In June, we held our fourth annual Business Week, a series of lectures and events by academics and keynote speakers to demonstrate the impact of research in working life and to solidify the connection between learning and the workplace. With keynote speakers including Geoff Mulgan and Willie Walsh, it was great to see students and employers networking around common interests.

We are also developing partnerships with professional bodies to shape qualifications which allow students to achieve a degree and a professional qualification at the same time. For example, our partnership with the Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales allows students to fast track their accounting career.

Mentor and student at the launch of the mentoring scheme

Mentor and student at the launch of the mentoring scheme

We are currently piloting a mentoring programme with Credit Suisse to support students with soft skills and give them a taste of corporate life and its culture. It’s great to hear that many of the mentors feel they are developing their skills at the same time as the mentees.

Finally, we are expanding our online provision and enabling modular enrolment on a number of courses to allow students more choice and focus in their subject area and flexibility in the intensity of their study.

Further information:

Share
. Reply . Category: Business Economics and Informatics, Higher education . Tags: , ,

#PartTimeMatters – research insights

This post was contributed by Claire Callender, Professor of Higher Education Policy in Birkbeck’s Department of Psychosocial Studies.

There is much to celebrate about part-time study and its life-changing rewards. My research tracking the career development of 3,700 part-time undergraduate students from their first year at university until two years after graduation demonstrates the benefits of part-time study. Four out of five of current students were working, mostly in full-time jobs in the public sector whilst 91% were employed two years after finishing their studies. The vast majority were using the skills they had learnt on their course in their jobs, so their studies were highly relevant to their working lives, and benefitted their employers too. In addition, over two-thirds of students, and four in five who had finished studying, believed that their ability to do their work had improved as a direct result of their course. Over a half of students in their first year and two-thirds of graduates had taken on more responsibility at work. This shows that those taking part-time courses start to profit from their learning well before they complete their studies. However, these positive outcomes were not always rewarded by employers. In fact, only 29% of students and about a half of graduates had a pay rise as a direct result of taking their course.

Both students’ and graduates’ non-working lives also were enriched by their studies. Four out of five students and nearly 90% of graduates said part-time study helped them develop as a person. Two thirds of students and nearly four in five graduates had greater self-confidence while well over a half of both current students and graduates were happier. Again, students benefited before they had graduated.

Despite all these life-changing gains from part-time study, part-time enrolments in England have fallen by 40% since 2010. This sudden and very dramatic fall suggests that the large increase in tuition fees in 2012 has played an important part, alongside the recession and cuts in training budgets. Loans are now available to cover the higher part-time tuition fees, but the majority of part-time students do not qualify for them. The loan eligibility criteria are too restrictive. Consequently, most people wanting to study part-time have to pay for their fees up-front and out of their own pocket.

Our research provides some insights about what needs to be done to stem declining enrolments and increase the demand for part-time study. It confirms the wider benefits of learning, and how society as a whole – not just individual students – benefit from part-time study. Remember most part-time students work in the public services. Nationally, the two most popular subjects studied part-time are ‘subjects allied to medicine’ such as nursing and midwifery, and education – taken by those wanting to be teachers. We all benefit from the skills these people learn. Yet, these professions are not very well paid compared to other professions. Although the financial returns to part-time study for individuals may be low, the wider non-financial benefits both for individuals and for society are high. As any economist will tell us, together these low ‘private returns’ and high ‘public returns’ justify more generous government subsidies and funding to keep tuition fees low and to encourage demand.

Other important characteristics of part-time students also support the case for low tuition fees and greater government subsidies. The vast majority of part-time students attend their local university because of their work and family commitments. They have to fit their studies around their existing responsibilities. Consequently, their choices of where to study are restricted. For instance, would-be students can’t opt for a cheaper course at a university miles away from where they live or work. If their local university is too expensive, they simply will not go, as they can’t shop around for a cheaper alternative. In addition, for part-time students, their decision about whether or not to go to university is more likely to be affected by the costs. Prospective part-time students may consider that these costs – the fees, maintenance and opportunity costs-  outweigh the benefits. Put simply, they feel that part-time study is just too expensive and unaffordable. The most efficient solution is more government subsidies to local universities to keep prices down and more financial help to part-time students to drive up demand – benefiting everyone.

15-14 May 2013 is Adult Learners’ Week. Find out more about the #PartTimeMatters campaign being launched by Birkbeck and an alliance of universities, businesses and unions.

Share
. Reply . Category: Higher education, Social Sciences History and Philosophy . Tags: , , , , ,